ABSTRACT
The aging population and the increasing number of sub-healthy people in all age groups in China have brought huge opportunities for related industries. From the perspective of marketing and consumer psychology, there is a great demand for health care properties, especially those that provide long-term medical care. Against this situation, almost all the leading real estate companies have entered this field and tried to occupy more market shares through different products and brand marketing sustainably. In this context, it is urgent to explore a comprehensive community model combining medical and nursing care that covers all stages of life, so as to promote the health of diverse populations. In China, existing research on the growth of medical care communities for sustainable needs started relatively late, and insufficient attention has been paid to the supply–demand linkage among psychological demand, health behavior, spatial bearing, and service supply. Taking Wuzhishan city for example, we deduce the Medical-Care Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs System according to classical theories. Based on motivation theory and marketing strategy, a theoretical model of Health demand-behavior-facilities and Spatial Interaction (HBSI) mediated by healthy behavior is constructed. Then, expert group decision making processes and the Fuzzy Delphi Method (DFM) were used to screen 67 spatial impact factors of 14 categories in five dimensions, including life safety, physical health, mental health, social adaptation and resilience recovery, which fit users’ multi-dimensional health needs. Finally, to provide a spatial strategy reference for the construction of sustainable and adaptive medical caring communities, spatial planning strategies and guidelines are offered based on correlation analysis, so as to fit the changeable market pattern, meet the psychological expectations and life-cycle caring needs of consumers.
ABSTRACT
Background: To explore the effects of short-term low- to moderate- dose glucocorticoids on the immune-inflammatory indicators and 28-d prognoses of patients with regular or severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: The clinical data and laboratorial examination results of 66 patients with regular or severe type of COVID-19 that treated in Henan Provincial People’s Hospital and Nanyang Central Hospital between January 20 and February 14, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Here, 36 patients that had been treated with glucocorticoids were categorized in the glucocorticoids group (GC group), while the other 30 patients that had not been treated with glucocorticoids were categorized in the control group.Results: The immune-inflammatory indicators and prognoses of the patients in the two groups were compared. The sex, age, clinical types, and complications were not significantly different between the two groups (all P>0.05). After hospitalization, 33.3% and 6.7% of the patients in the GC group and control group were with chest distress, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.019). The duration of fever was also significantly different between the two groups (6.91 ± 4.41 vs. 9.21 ± 4.46 days, P=0.036), but the blood examination results within 24 h after hospitalization were not significantly different between the two groups (all P>0.05). The C-reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were lower in the GC group than control group on day 7 (P=0.012, P=0.035) but were not significantly different between the two groups on day 14. The CRP and IL-6 levels were significantly reduced after glucocorticoids treatment on day 3, 5 and 7 (all P<0.05) in GC group. The median time of hospital stay, and 28-d prognoses were not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.080, P>0.999).Conclusions: Glucocorticoids could decrease the levels of inflammatory indicators, but did not significantly influence other immune-related indicators and 28-d prognoses.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , FeverABSTRACT
Background and objective: The outbreak of COVID-19 has become a global health concern. In this study, we evaluate the effectiveness and safety of convalescent plasma therapy in patients with severe and critically ill COVID-19. Methods: Sixteen COVID-19 patients received transfusion of anti-COVID-19 antibody-positive convalescent plasma. The main outcome was time for viral nucleic acid amplification (NAA) test turning negative. Clinical laboratory parameters were measured at the baseline (d0) before plasma transfusion, and day 1 (d1), day 3 (d3) after transfusion as well. Results: Among the 16 patients, 10 of them had a consistently positive result of viral NAA test before convalescent plasma transfusion. Eight patients (8/10) became negative from day 2 to day 8 after transfusion. Severe patients showed a shorter time for NAA test turning negative after transfusion (mean rank 2.17 vs 5.90, P = 0.036). Two critically ill patients transfused plasma with lower antibody level remained a positive result of NAA test. CRP level demonstrated a decline 1 day after convalescent plasma treatment, compared with the baseline (P = 0.017). No adverse events were observed during convalescent plasma transfusion. Conclusions: Viral NAA test of most patients with COVID-19 who received convalescent plasma transfusion turned negative on the 2nd to 8th days after transfusion, and the negative time of severe patients was shorter than that of critically ill patients.